Replacement/Landed Cost Calculation

The second section puts the theoretical calculations into a practical example. To go directly to the example, click here.

Section 1: Explanation of the Calculation Methods

1. Weight's Rate:

   Selecting a landing factor that is based on the weight's rate calculation method will only have an impact on the landed cost if a 'weight' is entered on the detail line of the GTIN flagged as 'default costing' in Product Pack Info (ibis_im23).

   Here is an example: The landed cost for a product is $77.02, the duty is 1% and the $rate is defined as $3.00. The quantity of the master carton is based on the inner quantity/SKU quantity and in this example is 1 and the weight is 9 lbs. If you select a landing factor that has a calculation method of weight's rate, the following calculation is used to determine the new landed cost:

   Weight * $Rate = Weight's Rate Value
   9 * 3 = 27 (in US$)

   The additional cost to be added to the landed cost is calculated as:
   Weight's Rate Value * Exchange Rate = Domestic Weight's Rate
   (27 * 1.511113) = 41.21 (you must convert to domestic currency because duty is calculated on domestic value)

   The weight's rate is calculated as:
   [(Domestic Weight's Rate * Duty) + (Domestic Weight's Rate)] / Quantity of the Master Carton (Actual) of 'default costing' GTIN
   [(41.21 * 0.01) + 41.21] / 1 = 41.6221

   To determine the new landed cost:
   Original Landed Cost + Weight's Rate Calculation
   77.02 + 41.6221 = 118.64
   The new landed cost is $118.64

2. Cube's Rate:

   Selecting a factor that is based on the cube's rate calculation method will only have an impact on the landed cost if 'volume' is entered on the detail line of the GTIN flagged as 'default costing' in IM23.

   Here is an example: The landed cost for a product is $77.02, the duty is 1% and the $rate is defined as $2.50. The SKU quantity entered for the master carton (actual)/GTIN flagged 'default costing' is 1 and the volume is 72.33 CuFt. If you select a factor that has a calculation method of cube's rate the following calculation is used to determine the new landed cost:

   Volume * $Rate = Cube's Rate Value
   72.33 * 2.5 = 180.83 (in US$)

   The additional cost to be added to the landed cost is calculated as:
   Cube's Rate Value * Exchange Rate = Domestic Cube's Rate
   180.83 * 1.511113 = 273.25 (you must convert to domestic currency because duty is calculated on domestic value)

   The cube's rate is calculated as:
   [(Domestic Cube's Rate * Duty) + Domestic Cube's Rate] / SKU Quantity (for the Master Carton (Actual) or for the GTIN flagged 'default costing')
   (273.25 * 0.01) + 273.25 / 1 = 275.98
   

   To determine the new landed cost:
   Original Landed Cost + Cube's Rate Calculation
   77.02 + 275.98 = 353.00
   The new landed cost is $353.00

3. Unit's Amount:

   Selecting a factor that is based on the unit's amt calculation method will have an impact on the landed cost based on the quantities entered in the 'From Purchasing Unit' and 'To Stock Keeping Unit' in the Conversion Factor section in P/O Purchasing Information (ibis_popi.po13).

   Here is an example: the landed cost for a product is $77.0285, the duty is 1% and the $rate is defined as $3.00. The quantity entered for the purchasing unit is 1 and the stock keeping units are set to 12. If you select a factor that has a calculation method of unit's amount, the following calculation is used to determine the new landed cost:

   Purchasing Unit * $Rate = Unit's Amount Value
   1 * 3 = 3

   The additional cost to be added to the landed cost is calculated as:
   Unit's Amount Value * Exchange Rate = Domestic Unit Amount
   3 * 1.511113 = 4.533339 (you must convert to domestic currency because duty is calculated on domestic value)

   The Unit's Amount is calculated as:
   [(Domestic Unit's Amount * Duty) + Domestic Unit's Amount] / To Stock Keeping Units
   [(4.533339 * 0.01) + 4.533339] / 12 = 0.38155
   

   To determine the new landed cost:
   Original Landed Cost + Unit's Amount Calculation
   77.0285 + 0.38155 = 77.4101
   The new landed cost is $77.4101

4. Value %:

   Selecting a factor that is based on the value % calculation method will have an impact on the landed cost based on the cost base selected in P/O Landing Factors (ibis_polf.po13).

   Example 1: Cost base selected is 'purchase price'
   The current landed cost is $76.26 and the percentage rate entered is 3%. If you select a factor based on value's % and use the purchase price as the cost base, the following calculation is used to determine the new landed cost:

   Current Landed Cost * Percentage Rate = Purchase Price Value
   76.26 * 0.03 = 2.28

   Purchase Price Value + Original Landed Cost = New Landed Cost
   2.28 + 76.26 = $78.54
   The new landed cost is $78.54

   Example 2: Cost base selected is 'value for duty'
   The duty selected in P/O Purchasing Information (ibis_popi.po13) will increase by the percentage entered in the $rate/pct field. If you select a factor based on value's % and use value for duty as the cost base, the following calculation is used to determine the new landed cost:

   Current Duty + Percentage Rate = Value for Duty Factor
   0.03 + 0.03 = 0.06 or 6%

   To determine the new landed cost:
   (Purchase Price - Discount) * Exchange Rate = Domestic Price
   (50.47 - 0) * 1.511113 = 76.2658

   [(Domestic Price * Value for Duty Factor) + Domestic Price] = New Landed Cost
   [(76.2658 * 0.06) + 76.2658] = 80.84

   Example 3: Cost base selected is 'duty paid value'
   The landed cost is increased by the percentage entered in the $rate/pct field. If the landed cost is $76.26 and a 3% is entered, the following calculation is used to determine the new landed cost:

   Current Landed Cost * $Rate/Pct = Duty Paid Value Factor
   76.26 * 0.03 = 2.29

   To determine the new landed cost:
   Current Landed Cost + Duty Paid Value Factor = New Landed Cost
   76.26 + 2.29 = 78.55
   The new landed cost is $78.55

   Note: If the 'in FOB' field is selected in any of the examples listed above, not only is the landed cost affected, but the FOB cost is also affected.

Section 2: Example of Replacement Cost Calculation

The following example demonstrates the calculation of the replacement cost for a product purchased in Hong Kong dollars and landed in Canadian dollars. The example is for one unit received and includes landing costs calculated using various calculation methods, cost bases and exchange rates.

P/O Product Landing Factors (ibis_popif.po13) are set up as outlined in the screen capture below:

^{Product Landing Factors (popif.po13)}

The Example is based on the following assumptions:

• The exchange rate on Hong Kong dollars to Canadian dollars is 0.14.
  
• The Domestic Net Purchase Price is calculated as:
  (Purchase Price (in HK$) * Exchange Rate) - Purchase Discount
  (HK$12,000.00 * 0.14) - 20%
  1680.00 - 20% = 1344.00

The following table displays how the landing factors are calculated for this example (the screen capture defines the details of each landing factor):

The Replacement Cost is the domestic Net Purchase Price PLUS each of the landing factors:

Here are some additional details on each of the landing factors used in the example:

• INFRGHT - calculated based on the weight of the product. The rate is a domestic dollar value per pound. This calculation method only has an impact on the replacement/landed cost if the product's weight is recorded. The weight of the product is obtained from P/O Purchasing Information (ibis_popi.po13) for the GTIN record flagged as 'default costing'.

  The landing factor rate is applied to the U.S. weight-lb value.

• OCFRGHT - calculated based on the cubic size of the product. The rate is a foreign dollar value per cubic foot. This calculation method only has an impact on the replacement/landed cost if the product's cubic volume is recorded. The volume of the product is obtained from P/O Purchasing Information (ibis_popi.po13) for the GTIN record flagged as 'default costing'.

  The landing factor rate is applied to the U.S. volume-CuFt value.

• PACKAGE - calculated based on number of units received. The rate is a foreign dollar value per unit.

• BROKER - calculated as a percent of the 'value for duty' (Base 2).

• DUTY - calculated based on the 'duty code' assigned in P/O Purchasing Information (ibis_popi.po13). This code in combination with the Country of Origin point to the duty rate applied to the 'value for duty' (Base 2). If applicable, an excise tax rate is also applied.

• INSURANCE - calculated as a percent of the 'duty paid value' (Base 3).

Additional Information:

• Our example defines landing factors calculated using 'base 2' and 'base 3' cost bases (defined in P/O Landing Factors (ibis_polf.po09)). FYI: 'Base 1' is defined as the domestic Net Purchase Price, or $1,344.00 following our example.

• The default rates for the primary shipping method from popi.po13 are used to calculate the replacement cost of a product. When a product is received, the default rates are used to calculate the landed costs unless override cost values are entered at the time of receipt (PO60 or PO63). When you enter override landing factors at the time of receipt you enter the total dollar amount of the landing cost. You can choose whether the entered value replaces the default landing factor or is in addition to the default landing factor.

• Override entries for landing factors that are calculated based on weight or volume are apportioned using a ratio of the weight/volume specified in Product Pack Info (ibis_im23) compared with the shipments total weight/volume. For example, if a receipt line represents 75% of the shipment's total weight, then 75% of a freight bill (that is based on weight and entered as an override landing cost) is allocated to that receipt line. In other words, heavier (or larger) products absorb more of the landing cost than lighter (or smaller) products on the same receipt.
  • The following example demonstrates how a freight override amount entered in PO60 (or PO63) is allocated across 2 products on a single receipt. The default landing factor is based on weight at $0.40/lb. When the stock is received, a freight amount of $56.00 is entered; this replaces the default freight rate from popi.po13:

  _{IM23 Pack Information:}
  

  Product	SKU Qty	Inner Qty	Weight/Inner
  7000	1	1	75 lb
  7010	6	6	45lb

  _{PO60 Receiving:}
  

  Product	Qty Received	Price	Extension	Total Weight	% Total Weight	Freight Absorbed
  7000	1 ea	1344.00	1344.00	75 lb	62.5%	$35.00/SKU
  7010	6 ea	25.20	151.20	45 lb	37.5%	$21.00/CS6 ($3.50/SKU)
  Freight			56.00	120 lb	100%

• Override entries for landing factors that are calculated based on value are apportioned using a ratio of the extension of each receipt line compared to the total value of the receipt. In other words, the more a product costs, the more of the landing cost it will absorb.

• When you override landing charges during the receiving function (PO60 or PO63), for landing factors defined with a foreign currency code you may enter the cost in foreign currency. You do not have to calculate the domestic value of the cost because each landing factor record contains a currency code that is used to automatically calculate the domestic cost.

• P/O Purchasing Information (ibis_popi.po13) includes the landed cost and replacement cost for each supplier.